AbstractThis study critiques the Yellow River–centered theory of civilization origins, which has overlooked geographical friction factors and relied on socio-structural bias. To address this limitation, the research proposes the "Linear Civilization Model" based on Hongshan culture, offering a new interpretation of ancient East Asian civilization. Findings indicate that the Yellow River civiliza..

[yemaek] by keydotThe Geographical Trap of the Central Plains and the Spatial Closure of the Zhou DynastyAbstractThis study challenges the conventional Yellow River–centered historiography that defines the Central Plains as an “open crossroads of civilization.” By introducing the concept of the geographical friction coefficient (fm) and spatial allocation theory, the research demonstrates that t..